IoT System for Monitoring Humidity and Automatic Watering of Chili Peppers Based on the Fountain Method via Bluetooth
Keywords:
Keywords: Internet of Things, Soil Moisture, Automatic Irrigation, Chili Peppers, Smart AgricultureAbstract
Suboptimal soil moisture management remains a major problem in chili cultivation, especially in manual watering practices that are subjective and inefficient in water use. The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) provides opportunities for the application of smart farming systems to improve the precision of plant watering. This study aims to design and test an IoT system for soil moisture monitoring and automatic watering of cayenne peppers based on the fountain method with Bluetooth communication. This study uses a quantitative experimental method with a systems engineering approach. The system was designed using soil moisture sensors, microcontrollers, Bluetooth modules, and water pumps, then tested to monitor changes in soil moisture and automatic irrigation responses based on specified thresholds. The test results show that the system is capable of continuously monitoring soil moisture and activating automatic watering when the moisture is below the minimum threshold. The fountain watering method produces an even distribution of water and is capable of increasing soil moisture from 40% to the optimal range of 60–65%. The Bluetooth-based monitoring system runs stably and allows real-time monitoring of system conditions without an internet connection. The developed IoT system has proven effective in maintaining the moisture content of chili pepper soil, increasing water use efficiency, and reducing dependence on manual watering. Further research is recommended to develop a more extensive network-based system and integrate water requirement analysis based on plant growth phases.
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