Analisis Perbandingan Kinerja Protokol IPv4 dan IPv6 pada Jaringan Komputer Modern
Kata Kunci:
IPv4, IPv6, Jaringan Komputer, Keamanan Jaringan, Protokol Jaringan.Abstrak
Perkembangan teknologi pada bidang jaringan komputer menuntut hadirnya protokol komunikasi yang lebih cepat, lebih aman, serta mampu mengakomodasi peningkatan jumlah perangkat yang terhubung. Protokol IPv4, yang telah menjadi standar utama selama puluhan tahun, mulai menunjukkan berbagai keterbatasan, khususnya terkait kapasitas ruang alamat dan dukungan fitur keamanan. Kehadiran IPv6 menawarkan solusi melalui penyediaan ruang alamat yang jauh lebih luas, desain header yang lebih efisien, serta mekanisme keamanan yang terintegrasi secara bawaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis komparatif terhadap kinerja IPv4 dan IPv6 melalui kajian literatur pada publikasi ilmiah periode 2023-2025. Metode yang digunakan berupa Systematic Literature Review dengan menelaah penelitian yang membahas aspek ruang alamat, keamanan, efisiensi routing, serta hambatan implementasi. Temuan kajian menunjukkan bahwa IPv6 memberikan peningkatan signifikan dalam aspek skalabilitas, integrasi keamanan, dan penyederhanaan struktur header yang mendukung efisiensi jaringan. Meskipun demikian, penerapan IPv6 secara global masih menghadapi kendala, terutama terkait kesiapan infrastruktur dan kebutuhan interoperasibilitas dengan sistem berbasis IPv4. Oleh karena itu, pendekatan dual-stack dinilai sebagai strategi transisi yang praktis dalam mendukung migrasi penuh menuju arsitektur jaringan berbasis IPv6 pada masa mendatang.
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Referensi
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