Tinjauan Literatur tentang Perkembangan Wireless Sensor Network dalam Berbagai Bidang Aplikasi
Kata Kunci:
Wireless Sensor Network, IoT, Edge Computing, Smart System, Literature ReviewAbstrak
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) telah berkembang menjadi komponen kunci dalam berbagai aplikasi modern seperti smart city, pertanian presisi, pemantauan lingkungan, dan sistem industri berbasis IoT. Perkembangan pesat teknologi sensor, komunikasi nirkabel, dan komputasi tepi (edge computing) mendorong munculnya berbagai pendekatan baru untuk meningkatkan performa, keandalan, dan efisiensi sistem WSN. Namun, kemajuan tersebut diiringi oleh beragam tantangan seperti keterbatasan energi, heterogenitas perangkat, kompleksitas topologi jaringan, serta isu keamanan dan privasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan perkembangan terbaru WSN melalui kajian literatur sistematis terhadap 50 publikasi ilmiah dari jurnal internasional dan nasional bereputasi, termasuk 10 artikel dari peneliti Fauzan Prasetyo Eka Putra sebagai bagian dari persyaratan institusional. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan klasifikasi tematik berdasarkan bidang aplikasi, teknologi yang digunakan, dan arah pengembangan riset. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa tren penelitian terkini berfokus pada integrasi kecerdasan buatan, optimasi manajemen energi, peningkatan keamanan protokol, serta penerapan arsitektur hibrida berbasis edge–cloud. Selain itu, WSN semakin diarahkan pada model adaptif yang mampu bekerja pada lingkungan dinamis dengan kebutuhan skalabilitas tinggi. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran komprehensif mengenai perkembangan WSN serta mengidentifikasi peluang penelitian masa depan dalam konteks aplikasi lintas sektor.
Unduhan
Referensi
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