Implementasi Wireless Sensor Network untuk Sistem Deteksi Kebakaran Hutan Berbasis Sensor Suhu dan Asap
Kata Kunci:
Kata Kunci: Wireless Sensor Network, Deteksi Kebakaran Hutan, Sensor Suhu dan Asap, Jaringan Nirkabel, Sistem Deteksi DiniAbstrak
Kebakaran hutan merupakan permasalahan lingkungan yang masih sering terjadi dan menimbulkan dampak serius terhadap ekosistem, kesehatan masyarakat, serta perekonomian. Sistem pemantauan konvensional memiliki keterbatasan dalam jangkauan dan kecepatan respons, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan berbasis teknologi jaringan untuk mendukung deteksi dini secara real-time. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan dan mengevaluasi Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) berbasis sensor suhu dan asap sebagai sistem deteksi dini kebakaran hutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kuantitatif berbasis simulasi terkontrol, dengan merancang arsitektur WSN multi-hop yang terdiri dari node sensor suhu dan asap, sink node, serta sistem pemantauan terpusat. Pengujian dilakukan untuk mengamati respons sistem terhadap perubahan suhu dan konsentrasi asap, serta keandalan pengiriman data jaringan. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi normal suhu berada pada kisaran 29–31 °C dan asap 45–60 ppm. Sistem mendeteksi kenaikan suhu secara bertahap mulai menit ke-13 dan mendeteksi peningkatan asap mulai menit ke-15. Peringatan sistem dipicu pada menit ke-21 ketika suhu dan asap secara bersamaan melampaui ambang batas 55 °C dan 200 ppm. Seluruh data pengujian berhasil dikirimkan ke sistem pemantauan tanpa kehilangan data yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem WSN berbasis sensor suhu dan asap mampu melakukan deteksi dini kebakaran hutan secara efektif dan andal. Tujuan penelitian tercapai, namun pengujian lanjutan pada lingkungan nyata dan integrasi dengan sistem mitigasi skala besar disarankan untuk penelitian selanjutnya.
Unduhan
Referensi
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