“A Comprehensive Analysis of Future Smart Agriculture Ecosystems: Integration of Low-Cost IoT Architecture, Energy-Efficient Sensor Networks (WSNs), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Supply Chain Traceability Systems”. Karapan Network Journal : Journal Computer Technology and Mobile Ad Hoc Network, vol. 2, no. 03, June 2026, https://ejournal.omahtabing.com/knj/article/view/667.