Integration of Wireless Sensor Network Architecture with Internet of Things Adaptive Communication Protocol Design for Large-Scale Networks
Keywords:
Wireless Sensor Network, Internet of Things, Adaptive Communication Protocol, Energy Efficiency, Network ScalabilityAbstract
Advances in wireless communication technology have driven an increasing need for integration between Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) to support large-scale connectivity. However, power limitations, dynamic topologies, and differences in communication protocols remain challenges in realizing efficient, adaptive, and scalable networks. This study aims to design and analyze an integrated WSN-IoT architecture with the application of context-based adaptive communication protocols to improve energy efficiency and network reliability in large-scale systems. The study uses a quantitative experimental approach through simulations based on Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) and the implementation of a real device prototype based on ESP32 and ZigBee. Evaluations were conducted on key parameters such as energy consumption, packet delivery ratio (PDR), latency, throughput, and network lifetime. The proposed adaptive protocol showed an increase in energy efficiency of up to 32% compared to RPL, with a PDR of 96.8% and an average latency reduction of up to 24%. The system is also capable of maintaining 80% of active nodes for up to 1800 seconds of simulation, indicating a significant improvement in network lifetime and communication stability. The developed adaptive architecture and protocol design has successfully improved overall network performance and proven effective in supporting smart city applications, smart industries, and environmental monitoring. Further research is recommended to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to strengthen the network's autonomy and adaptability to dynamic conditions.
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