Evaluasi Komparatif Kesiapan Keamanan Siber Jaringan 5G Indonesia dan Negara ASEAN Berkembang: Sebuah Studi Pustaka
Keywords:
keamanan 5G, kesiapan keamanan siber, ASEAN, network slicing, studi komparatifAbstract
Penerapan jaringan 5G memperluas permukaan serangan melalui arsitektur berbasis virtualisasi, network slicing, dan model multi-tenant, sehingga kesiapan keamanan siber menjadi isu strategis bagi negara berkembang. Penelitian terdahulu umumnya membandingkan keamanan 5G pada sejumlah negara utama, sedangkan Indonesia dan negara ASEAN berkembang lain belum dibandingkan secara sistematis. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan dimensi keamanan 5G yang dominan dalam literatur, menilai cakupan literatur terhadap Indonesia dan ASEAN, dan merumuskan kerangka perbandingan kesiapan keamanan 5G. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka kualitatif dengan pengkodean tematik terhadap 41 sumber terbitan 2024–2026, yang dikelompokkan ke dalam 10 tema dan 5 dimensi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 17 sumber (41,5%) berada pada dimensi praktik keamanan operasional dan 13 sumber (31,7%) pada dimensi isolasi dan arsitektur. Tiga dimensi teknis, yakni isolasi dan arsitektur, autentikasi dan enkripsi, serta model penerapan, memuat 20 sumber yang seluruhnya tidak spesifik negara. Hanya 3 sumber berskala ASEAN dan tidak satu pun menggabungkan keamanan jaringan 5G dengan perbandingan antarnegara. Penelitian ini mengusulkan lima dimensi perbandingan beserta indikator dan jenis bukti yang diperlukan. Kontribusi penelitian berupa landasan konseptual bagi studi empiris komparatif Indonesia dengan negara ASEAN berkembang lain.
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