Analysis of Strategies and Challenges of IoT and Wireless Sensor Network Implementation in Developing Regions
Keywords:
IoT, WSN, Environmental Monitoring, Regional Digital Transformation, Literature ReviewAbstract
Advances in Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies have provided a new direction in the development of environmental monitoring and resource management systems in various regions. The integration of these two technologies enables real-time connectivity and data collection through smart sensor networks, thus becoming an important foundation in the digital transformation of developing regions. This study aims to analyze the implementation strategies, benefits, and challenges of IoT and WSN in developing regions based on a review of the latest literature published between 2020 and 2025. This study uses a qualitative approach based on a systematic literature review of 50 articles from reputable databases such as ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, SpringerLink, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria cover studies on the application of IoT and WSN in the environmental, agricultural, energy, and infrastructure sectors. The analysis was conducted using content analysis to identify common patterns, approaches, and existing research gaps. The findings show that the application of IoT and WSN contributes significantly to energy efficiency, improved monitoring accuracy, and resource optimization in regions with limited infrastructure. However, challenges remain in terms of connectivity, power consumption, and interoperability between devices. The implementation of IoT and WSN has proven to be a strategic solution to support the equitable distribution of digital transformation in developing regions. Policy support, infrastructure, and local capacity building are needed to achieve sustainable implementation.
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