Implementation of Lightweight Encryption Mechanisms for Data Security in Wireless Sensor Networks
Keywords:
wireless sensor networkAbstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been widely used in various applications, such as environmental monitoring, industrial systems, and smart agriculture. However, resource limitations on sensor nodes, including energy, memory, and computing capacity, are major obstacles to the implementation of strong data security mechanisms. Therefore, a lightweight yet secure encryption solution is needed to maintain data confidentiality without burdening network performance. This study aims to analyze and implement the Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) as an efficient lightweight encryption algorithm to improve data security in WSNs. The research method includes designing a WSN simulation architecture using the Contiki OS platform with the Cooja Simulator, where the TEA algorithm is implemented on sensor nodes and base stations. The evaluation was conducted by comparing the performance of TEA against AES-128 and a scenario without encryption, using three main metrics: computation time, energy consumption, and data throughput. The results show that TEA has significant efficiency compared to AES-128, with an increase in computation time of about 290% from the baseline, which is much lower than AES-128, which reaches 850%. In addition, TEA's energy consumption increase was only about 4–5%, while AES-128 reached up to 14%. In terms of throughput, TEA only experienced a decrease of about 8% compared to the unencrypted scenario. These findings prove that TEA is capable of maintaining data security with minimal resource overhead, making it very suitable for implementation in WSNs with limited power and long-term operational requirements. Overall, the Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) provides an optimal compromise between security, energy efficiency, and computation time, making it a viable encryption solution for implementation in large-scale wireless sensor networks and high-efficiency Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
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