Analisis Strategi dan Tantangan Implementasi IoT dan Wireless Sensor Network di Daerah Berkembang
Kata Kunci:
IoT, WSN, Pemantauan Lingkungan, Transformasi Digital Daerah, Kajian LiteraturAbstrak
Kemajuan teknologi Internet of Things (IoT) dan Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) telah memberikan arah baru dalam pengembangan sistem pemantauan lingkungan dan pengelolaan sumber daya di berbagai wilayah. Integrasi keduanya memungkinkan konektivitas dan pengumpulan data secara real-time melalui jaringan sensor cerdas, sehingga menjadi fondasi penting dalam transformasi digital wilayah berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi penerapan, manfaat, serta tantangan dalam implementasi IoT dan WSN di daerah berkembang berdasarkan kajian literatur terkini yang terbit antara tahun 2020 hingga 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis systematic literature review terhadap 50 artikel dari basis data bereputasi seperti ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, SpringerLink, dan Google Scholar. Kriteria inklusi mencakup studi tentang penerapan IoT dan WSN dalam sektor lingkungan, pertanian, energi, dan infrastruktur. Analisis dilakukan melalui metode content analysis untuk mengidentifikasi pola umum, pendekatan, serta celah penelitian yang masih ada. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa penerapan IoT dan WSN berkontribusi besar terhadap efisiensi energi, peningkatan akurasi pemantauan, serta optimalisasi sumber daya di wilayah dengan keterbatasan infrastruktur. Namun, tantangan masih muncul pada aspek konektivitas, konsumsi daya, serta interoperabilitas antarperangkat. Penerapan IoT dan WSN terbukti menjadi solusi strategis untuk mendukung pemerataan transformasi digital di daerah berkembang. Diperlukan dukungan kebijakan, infrastruktur, dan peningkatan kapasitas lokal untuk mewujudkan implementasi yang berkelanjutan
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Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Andreas Fiki Darmawan, Mohammad Faisol (Penulis)
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