Smart Agriculture sebagai Inovasi Informatika dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan
Kata Kunci:
Kata Kunci: Smart Agriculture, Internet of Things, Monitoring Lingkungan, Ketahanan Pangan, Efisiensi EnergiAbstrak
Ketahanan pangan menjadi isu strategis di tengah meningkatnya kebutuhan produksi dan keterbatasan sumber daya pertanian, sehingga diperlukan inovasi berbasis teknologi seperti smart agriculture untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem smart agriculture berbasis teknologi informatika yang dapat memantau kondisi lingkungan secara langsung serta membantu proses pengambilan keputusan dalam pengelolaan pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan pengembangan sistem (system development), yang mencakup perancangan arsitektur IoT, penerapan sensor lingkungan, serta pengujian kinerja sistem pada berbagai jarak dan kondisi operasionalSistem yang dirancang mampu memantau parameter lingkungan seperti kelembapan tanah (40%–75%), suhu udara (26°C–34°C), serta intensitas cahaya (300–900 lux) dengan stabil. Performa komunikasi menunjukkan packet delivery ratio mencapai 100% pada jarak dekat dan tetap di atas 90% pada jarak lebih dari 150 meter, dengan latensi berkisar 150–450 ms. Konsumsi energi berhasil ditekan melalui mekanisme duty cycling dan sleep mode, sehingga sistem dapat beroperasi dalam jangka waktu panjang. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi smart agriculture berbasis informatika mampu meningkatkan efisiensi monitoring dan mendukung pengambilan keputusan berbasis data. Sistem yang dikembangkan terbukti andal, efisien, dan berpotensi diterapkan secara luas untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengintegrasikan analitik kecerdasan buatan yang lebih kompleks guna meningkatkan kemampuan prediksi dan otomatisasi sistem.
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