Blockchain Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks untuk Keamanan dan Integritas Data IoT
Kata Kunci:
Kata Kunci: Wireless Sensor Networks, Blockchain, Internet of Things, Keamanan Data, Integritas DataAbstrak
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) merupakan komponen penting dalam Internet of Things (IoT) yang berperan dalam pengumpulan data lingkungan secara terdistribusi. Namun, keterbatasan sumber daya dan arsitektur yang umumnya terpusat menjadikan WSN rentan terhadap serangan keamanan, khususnya manipulasi dan pemalsuan data, sehingga integritas data IoT sulit dijamin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengevaluasi integrasi teknologi blockchain pada WSN guna meningkatkan keamanan dan integritas data IoT tanpa mengorbankan efisiensi jaringan secara signifikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kuantitatif berbasis eksperimen dengan merancang arsitektur Blockchain-Enabled Wireless Sensor Networks yang terdiri dari node sensor, node gateway, dan jaringan blockchain. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui simulasi berbagai skenario, termasuk manipulasi data, pengujian latensi, konsumsi energi, overhead komunikasi, throughput, dan skalabilitas sistem. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem WSN berbasis blockchain mampu mendeteksi seluruh skenario manipulasi data yang disimulasikan melalui mekanisme pencatatan hash data yang tidak dapat diubah. Integrasi blockchain meningkatkan latensi dan overhead komunikasi dibandingkan WSN konvensional, namun konsumsi energi node sensor tetap efisien karena proses blockchain dijalankan pada node gateway. Throughput sistem relatif stabil pada skala jaringan menengah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi blockchain pada WSN secara efektif meningkatkan keamanan dan integritas data IoT dengan trade-off kinerja yang masih dapat diterima. Hasil yang diperoleh sesuai dengan tujuan penelitian, meskipun tantangan skalabilitas masih perlu dioptimalkan. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan untuk mengeksplorasi mekanisme konsensus yang lebih ringan dan pemanfaatan edge computing guna mendukung implementasi pada jaringan IoT berskala besar.
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